All items are handmade in Elaine's art studio. Her team creates lost wax casting, finishing, soldering, and all patina finishes using secret formulas they have developed over many years. Elements of each piece (like the semi-precious stones, brass, rawhide, and Italian leathers) are thoroughly researched and custom-ordered from raw material suppliers worldwide. Elaine has a keen sense of history and a passion for sculpture...both represented in each piece of finely crafted art. Anyone would be thrilled to get one of these jewels as a unique gift.